Health Education and Promotion: Main Exam, 23 March 2023

Mount Kenya University · Department of Community Health, Epidemiology and Biostatistics · Certificate in Community Health · CPH1303

Health Education and Promotion main exam 2022-2023 at Mount Kenya University, includes model answers.

INSTRUCTIONS

a) THIS PAPER HAS TWO PARTS: SECTION 'A' AND SECTION 'B'

b) SECTION 'A' HAS ONE QUESTION WHICH IS COMPULSORY AND CARRIES 40 MARKS.

c) SECTION 'B' HAS THREE QUESTIONS OF WHICH YOU ARE REQUIRED TO ATTEMPT TWO.

SECTION A (40 MARKS) (40 marks)

1. Define the following terms:

  1. a) Health (WHO, 1948)
    Model answer
    • Health (WHO, 1948): a state of complete physical, mental and social well‑being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
  2. b) Health education
    Model answer
    • Health education: a systematic process of learning that enables individuals and communities to acquire the knowledge, attitudes, skills and motivation needed to adopt and maintain healthy behaviours.

2. Identify five priority areas for health promotion

Model answer
  • Priority areas for health promotion
  • Healthy public policies
  • Supportive environments
  • Community action
  • Personal skills development
  • Re‑orientation of health services

3. Explain the basic strategies for health promotion

Model answer
  • Education: Provide information and skills to enable individuals to make healthy choices.
  • Community Mobilisation: Engage local groups and leaders to identify needs and organise collective action.
  • Policy Development: Advocate for laws, regulations and guidelines that create supportive environments (e.g., tobacco bans, nutrition labeling).
  • Environmental Change: Modify physical or social settings to make healthy behaviours easier (e.g., safe walking paths, workplace wellness facilities).
  • Health Services Integration: Incorporate preventive counselling and screening into routine clinical care.
  • Media Campaigns: Use mass media and social platforms to raise awareness and shape social norms.
  • Empowerment & Capacity Building: Train community members to lead health initiatives and sustain them.
  • Monitoring & Evaluation: Track outcomes and adjust strategies based on evidence.

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