Abdomen and Pelvis Anatomy MCQs | MCQ Quiz | OmpathStudy Kenya

Question 1

A midline abdominal incision below the umbilicus passes through all the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

pyramidalis — The pyramidalis muscle is not consistently present in all individuals (absent in about 20% of people) and when present, it lies within the rectus sheath but is not always encountered in midline incisions below the umbilicus. ---

Question 2

The spleen:

Accepted Answer

as it enlarges, glides in contact with the anterior abdominal wall in front of the splenic flexure of the colon — When the spleen enlarges (splenomegaly), it moves anteriorly and inferiorly, coming into contact with the anterior abdominal wall anterior to the splenic flexure of the colon. ---

Question 3

Which is the most common site for the appendix found at appendicectomy?

Accepted Answer

retro-caecal — The retro-caecal position is the most common anatomical position of the appendix, found in approximately 65% of cases. ---

Question 4

The abdominal aorta:

Accepted Answer

gives rise to the coeliac artery at the level of the body of the 10th thoracic vertebra — The coeliac trunk arises at the level of T12. The aorta enters the abdomen at T12, bifurcates at L4, and renal arteries arise at L1-L2 level. ---

Question 5

With regard to the spleen, which is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

in splenomegaly, the splenic flexure of the colon lies superficial to its anterior border — In splenomegaly, the enlarged spleen moves anteriorly and the splenic flexure of the colon lies deep (posterior) to the spleen. ---

Question 6

With regard to the duodenum, which is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

the duodenal cap has plicae circulares which are often evident on x-ray — The duodenal cap (first part of duodenum) is characteristically smooth and lacks plicae circulares. ---

Question 7

The ejaculatory ducts:

Accepted Answer

have none of the above properties — Ejaculatory ducts are formed by the union of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle ducts, lie within the prostate, open into the prostatic urethra, and contract with sympathetic stimulation. ---

Question 8

The ureter passes deep to the:

Accepted Answer

gonadal artery — The ureter passes deep (posterior) to the gonadal vessels (testicular/ovarian artery and vein) as it descends. ---

Question 9

With respect to the testicle:

Accepted Answer

the appendix testis (if present) is attached to the upper pole of the testicle — The appendix testis is a small remnant structure attached to the upper pole of the testis. ---

Question 10

Regarding abdominal vascular anatomy, all of the following are true EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

the duodenum receives no supply from the superior mesenteric artery — The duodenum receives blood supply from the SMA via the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery. ---

Question 11

With regard to the ureter, which is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

it lies just lateral to the tips of the transverse processes of L3-5 — The ureter lies medial to the tips of the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae. ---

Question 12

With regard to the female pelvis, which is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

the cervix is separated from the bladder by the vesicouterine pouch — The vesicouterine pouch is between the body of the uterus and the bladder, not between the cervix and bladder. ---

Question 13

With regard to the duodenum:

Accepted Answer

the head of pancreas is wholly contained within its c-shaped loop — Part of the pancreatic head and the uncinate process extend beyond the duodenal C-loop. ---

Question 14

The transversalis fascia contributes to which of the following structures on the anterior abdominal wall?

Accepted Answer

deep inguinal ring — The deep inguinal ring is an opening in the transversalis fascia. ---

Question 15

The transpyloric plane of the abdomen (passing through the lower border of L1 vertebra) passes through:

Accepted Answer

the origin of the superior mesenteric artery — The transpyloric plane passes through the origin of the SMA at the level of L1. ---

Question 16

Afferent pain fibres for the biliary tract:

Accepted Answer

may run with the right phrenic nerve — Gallbladder pain can be referred to the right shoulder via the right phrenic nerve. ---

Question 17

With regard to the usual vasculature of the abdomen, which is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

the splenic vein mainly drains into the inferior vena cava — The splenic vein drains into the portal vein, not the IVC. ---

Question 18

Which is NOT related to the kidneys as indicated:

Accepted Answer

the splenic artery, anterior to the lower pole of the left kidney — The splenic artery runs along the superior border of the pancreas and is not related to the lower pole of the left kidney. ---

Question 19

With regard to the kidneys, which is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

in horseshoe kidneys, ureters pass behind the isthmus of the kidney substance — In horseshoe kidneys, the ureters pass anterior to the isthmus. ---

Question 20

With regard to the urethra in the young adult male, which is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

the prostatic urethra is narrower than the membranous urethra — The membranous urethra is the narrowest part of the male urethra; the prostatic part is wider. ---

Question 21

The first part of the duodenum:

Accepted Answer

partially overlies the right crus of the diaphragm and psoas muscle — The first part of the duodenum lies at L1 and is related posteriorly to the right crus and psoas. ---

Question 22

Which of the following forms the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?

Accepted Answer

conjoint tendon — The posterior wall is formed by the conjoint tendon medially and transversalis fascia laterally. ---

Question 23

Fibres of transversus abdominus arise from which part of the inguinal ligament?

Accepted Answer

lateral half — Transversus abdominis arises from the lateral half of the inguinal ligament. ---

Question 24

A patient presents with a deep stab wound high up in the costovertebral angle beneath the 12th rib on the left side. The most likely internal injury is?

Accepted Answer

pneumothorax of the left lung — The pleura extends below the 12th rib in the costovertebral angle, making pneumothorax the most likely injury. ---

Question 25

Concerning the abdominal aorta and branches:

Accepted Answer

the renal artery arises below the level of the superior mesenteric artery — Renal arteries arise at L1-L2, while the SMA arises at L1. ---

Question 26

The relations of the THIRD part of the duodenum include:

Accepted Answer

the superior mesenteric vein — The third part of the duodenum is crossed anteriorly by the superior mesenteric vessels. ---

Question 27

All of the following are true regarding the pancreas EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

the splenic artery supplies all of the pancreas — The head and uncinate process are supplied by pancreaticoduodenal arteries, not the splenic artery. ---

Question 28

Regarding the kidneys:

Accepted Answer

the right kidney lies at a lower level to the left kidney — The liver pushes the right kidney to a slightly lower position than the left.

Abdomen and Pelvis Anatomy MCQs | MCQ Quiz | OmpathStudy Kenya

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