Comprehensive Immunology Quiz — Antigen OmpathStudy

Continued from $1. Immunology Quiz - Questions and Answers Section 5: Immunological Techniques Question 3.4 Which of the following uses ultraviolet (UV) light for examining specimens? a) ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)b) Fluorescent antibody (fluorochromes)c) FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorting)d) Western blotting (immunoblotting) Answer: b) Fluorescent antibody (fluorochromes) Note: The provided answer was E, but this appears incorrect as there is no option E. Fluorescent antibody techniques use UV light to excite fluorochromes. Question 3.5 Which of the following would be used as preliminary screening for the presence of antibodies to HIV proteins in a patient's blood sample? a) ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)b) Fluorescent antibody (fluorochromes)c) FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorting)d) Western blotting (immunoblotting) Answer: a) ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) Question 3.6 What color light is emitted when antigens are exposed to UV light after being treated with fluorescein isothiocyte (FITC), such as in the test for Treponema pallidum (syphilis) or to dye the Chicago river for a particular holiday (fluorescein)? a) Blueb) Purplec) Redd) Orangee) Green Answer: e) Green Question 3.7 Which of the following uses the enzyme horseradish peroxidase (HRP)? a) ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)b) Fluorescent antibody (fluorochromes)c) FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorting)d) Western blotting (immunoblotting)e) ELISA & Western blotting Answer: e) ELISA & Western blotting Question 3.8 Which of the following is used extensively to detect antigens in cells or tissue sections, as well as to screen for auto-antibodies to cell or tissue antigens? a) ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)b) Fluorescent antibody (fluorochromes)c) FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorting)d) Western blotting (immunoblotting) Answer: b) Fluorescent antibody (fluorochromes) Question 3.9 Which of the following uses protein antigens separated by molecular weight using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE)? a) ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)b) Fluorescent antibody (fluorochromes)c) FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorting)d) Western blotting (immunoblotting) Answer: d) Western blotting (immunoblotting) --- Section 6: Antibody Diversity Question 1.1 Each polypeptide chain (heavy and light) on immunoglobulin has a variable (V) and constant (C) region. Immunoglobulin chains are encoded by that is/are rearranged during development to assemble a functional gene encoding either a heavy or a light chain. a) A single continuous DNA sequence; B cellb) A single continuous DNA sequence; T cellc) Sets of gene segments; B celld) Sets of gene segments; T cell Answer: c) Sets of gene segments; B cell Note: The provided answer was D, but C is correct as immunoglobulin genes are rearranged during B cell development. Question 1.2 Which of the following is only contained in heavy chains and not in light chains? a) Leader (L)b) Joining (J)c) Diversity (D) d) Variable (V)e) Constant ( C) Answer: c) Diversity ( D) Question 2.1 During the development of B cells, the Ig gene segments are rearranged and brought next to each other to form a contiguous functional gene (somatic recombination). The complex of enzymes involved in somatic recombination in lymphocytes is called: a) RAG-1 (Recombination-Activating Gene)b) RAG-2 (Recombination-Activating Gene)c) V(D) J-recombinased) V( D)J-lyasee) A & B Answer: c) V(D)J-recombinase Question 2.2 In somatic recombination, the rearranges first. The region of the antibody molecule is generated via somatic recombination as it binds to the antigen and contains both a constant region and a variable region. a) Heavy chain; Fabb) Light chain; Fabc) Heavy chain; Fcd) Light chain; Fc Answer: a) Heavy chain; Fab Question 2.3 The two types of light chains are: a) Alpha (α) and beta (β)b) Sigma (σ) and gamma (γ)c) Epsilon (ε) and delta (δ)d) Omega (ω) and zeta (ζ)e) Lambda (λ) and kappa (κ) Answer: e) Lambda (λ) and kappa (κ) Question 2.4 During the final step of synthesis for heavy and light immunoglobulin chains, which of the following peptides is cleaved? a) Leader (L)b) Joining (J)c) Diversity (D) d) Variable (V)e) Constant ( C) Answer: a) Leader (L) Question 3 Which of the following is NOT true regarding the mechanisms of generating antibody diversity? a) V, D, and J gene segments are present in multiple copies (germline diversity)b) VJ and VDJ gene segments can recombine in multiple combinations (combinatorial diversity)c) Different sequences at the joint lead to greater antibody diversity (junctional diversity)d) A single combination of light and heavy chainse) Somatic hypermutation after antigenic stimulation Answer: d) A single combination of light and heavy chains Question 4 Class switching (isotype switching) involves rearrangement of the V(H) exon to associate with a different C(H) exon at different times in the course of an immu