Anatomy Must-Know — Lower Limb MCQs, Section OmpathStudy

Continued from $1. Section 3 Questions Question 1 In the femoral triangle: A) The femoral nerve emerges from the femoral sheath B) The saphenous nerve lies medial to the femoral artery at the apex C) The genitofemoral nerve pierces the anterior surface of the femoral sheath D) The profunda femoris artery arises from the medial aspect of the femoral artery E) The obturator nerve passes anterior to pectineus Answer: C Explanation: The femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve pierces the anterior wall of the femoral sheath. The femoral nerve does NOT enter the sheath; it lies lateral to it. The profunda femoris arises from the lateral (not medial) aspect of the femoral artery. --- Question 2 The iliotibial tract is the conjoined aponeurosis of the tensor fasciae latae and: A) Gluteus minimus B) Gluteus medius C) Gluteus maximus D) Camper's fascia E) Scarpa's fascia Answer: C Explanation: The iliotibial tract receives insertions from both tensor fasciae latae (anteriorly) and gluteus maximus (posteriorly - about 75% of its fibers). It provides lateral knee stability and assists in hip movements. --- Question 3 Fourth lumbar nerve root supplies: A) Hip flexors B) Tibialis anterior C) Skin on the big toe D) Flexor digitorum longus E) Flexor accessorius (quadratus plantae) Answer: B Explanation: L4 is the primary myotome for ankle dorsiflexion, mainly via tibialis anterior. L4 also contributes to knee extension (quadriceps). The big toe is L5 territory, and hip flexors are primarily L2-L3. --- Question 4 The base of Scarpa's femoral triangle is formed by: A) Sartorius B) Adductor longus C) Inguinal ligament D) Pubic tubercle E) None of the above Answer: C Explanation: The femoral triangle boundaries are: base (superior) = inguinal ligament; lateral border = medial edge of sartorius; medial border = medial edge of adductor longus; apex points inferiorly. --- Question 5 Passing through the greater sciatic notch deep to the sciatic nerve is which of the following? A) Internal pudendal vessels and nerve B) Inferior gemellus muscle C) Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh D) Nerve to quadratus femoris E) None of the above Answer: D Explanation: The nerve to quadratus femoris passes deep to (anterior to) the sciatic nerve. The pudendal nerve and vessels pass superficial to the sciatic nerve before hooking around the sacrospinous ligament. --- Question 6 The femoral vein lies …….. to the femoral artery in the femoral sheath: A) Lateral B) Medial C) Anterior D) Posterior E) Femoral vein is not in the femoral sheath Answer: B Explanation: Within the femoral sheath, from lateral to medial: femoral artery (lateral compartment), femoral vein (intermediate compartment), femoral canal (medial compartment). The vein is therefore medial to the artery. --- Question 7 The main function of gluteus maximus is which of the following: A) A site for injections B) A cushion for sitting C) A flexor of the hip D) A lateral rotator of the hip E) None of the above Answer: D Explanation: The primary function of gluteus maximus is hip extension and lateral rotation. It's most active during climbing stairs, rising from sitting, and running. Options A and B describe incidental features, not functions. --- Question 8 Tensor fascia latae: A) Is quadrangular in shape B) Is supplied by the femoral nerve C) Extends the hip D) Is an atavistic remnant of the panniculus carnosus muscle E) Lies edge to edge with sartorius at the anterior superior iliac spine Answer: E Explanation: Tensor fasciae latae and sartorius both arise from the ASIS region and lie adjacent to each other. TFL is supplied by the superior gluteal nerve (not femoral), and it flexes (not extends) the hip. --- Question 9 The superior gluteal nerve supplies: A) Gluteus medius B) Gluteus minimus C) Tensor fascia latae D) None of the above E) All of the above Answer: E Explanation: The superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1) supplies all three muscles: gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae. These are the hip abductors essential for normal gait. --- Question 10 The hamstring muscles originate from: A) Body of the ischium B) Ramus of the pubis C) Iliac crest D) Ischial tuberosity E) Symphysis pubis Answer: D Explanation: The hamstring muscles (semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and long head of biceps femoris) arise from the ischial tuberosity. The short head of biceps femoris arises from the femur and is not a true hamstring. --- Question 11 The upper tibial epiphysis appears at: A) Birth B) 1 year C) 2 years D) 3 years E) Puberty Answer: A Explanation: The proximal tibial epiphysis is present at birth (one of the few lower limb epiphyses present at birth, along with distal femur). It fuses with the shaft around 16-18 years of age. --- Question 12 At birth: A) All the tarsal bones are ossified B) Only calcaneus is ossified C) Calcaneus and talus are ossified D) Calcaneus, talus and cuboid are ossified E) None of the above Answer: D Explanation: At birth, three tarsal bones a