Medical Physiology — GIT, Renal, Endocrine & OmpathStudy

This MCQ set is split into 4 parts for easier reading. Medical Physiology — GIT, Renal, Endocrine & Neuro MCQs Compiled exam-style multiple choice questions with the correct answer for every question. The source transcription originally marked correct answers with bold text inline (not the site's reveal format) — this version converts every question to the standard Question N / options / Answer format so each one has a working reveal button. Question 1 Which substance will cause smooth muscle relaxation? A. Secretin B. Gastrin C. Cholecystokinin D. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) ✅ Answer: D. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) Explanation: Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) is the physiologically correct answer per standard MBChB-level teaching on this topic. --- Question 2 Which does not take part in the stimulation of GI glands? A. External Stimulus B. Direct stimulation due to stretch C. Enteric Nervous System D. Autonomic system ✅ Answer: A. External Stimulus Explanation: External Stimulus is the physiologically correct answer per standard MBChB-level teaching on this topic. --- Question 3 Which of the following is the site of secretion of intrinsic factor? A. Ileum B. Gastric antrum C. Gastric fundus D. Duodenum ✅ Answer: C. Gastric fundus Explanation: Gastric fundus is the physiologically correct answer per standard MBChB-level teaching on this topic. --- Question 4 Which of the following changes occurs during defecation? A. External anal sphincter is contracted B. Rectal skeletal muscle is relaxed C. Internal anal sphincter is relaxed D. Intra-abdominal pressure is lower than when at rest ✅ Answer: C. Internal anal sphincter is relaxed Explanation: Internal anal sphincter is relaxed is the physiologically correct answer per standard MBChB-level teaching on this topic. --- Question 5 Which of the following produce testosterone? A. Interstitial cells of Leydig B. Adrenal cortex C. Adrenal medulla D. Anterior pituitary gland ✅ Answer: A. Interstitial cells of Leydig Explanation: Interstitial cells of Leydig is the physiologically correct answer per standard MBChB-level teaching on this topic. --- Question 6 Which of the following does not occur on presentation of a bolus of solid food to the mouth? A. Stimulation of taste buds B. Mastication C. Reflex stimulation of salivary glands D. Stimulation of defecation reflex ✅ Answer: D. Stimulation of defecation reflex Explanation: Stimulation of defecation reflex is the physiologically correct answer per standard MBChB-level teaching on this topic. --- Question 7 The salivary secretion: A. Is stimulated by most GIT hormones, especially gastrin B. Is essential for complete digestion of starch C. Increases more by sweet than by bitter substances D. Is markedly increased by parasympathetic stimulation ✅ Answer: D. Is markedly increased by parasympathetic stimulation Explanation: Is markedly increased by parasympathetic stimulation is the physiologically correct answer per standard MBChB-level teaching on this topic. --- Question 8 Chronic gastritis is often associated with the following: A. Microcytic anemia B. Hyperchlorhydria C. Steatorrhea D. Pernicious anemia ✅ Answer: D. Pernicious anemia Explanation: Pernicious anemia is the physiologically correct answer per standard MBChB-level teaching on this topic. --- Question 9 Vitamin B12 absorption: A. Depends on the presence of intrinsic factor B. Depends on passive diffusion C. Occurs in the jejunum D. Occurs in the stomach ✅ Answer: A. Depends on the presence of intrinsic factor Explanation: Depends on the presence of intrinsic factor is the physiologically correct answer per standard MBChB-level teaching on this topic. --- Question 10 The cephalic phase of gastric secretion: A. Occurs when food reaches the stomach B. Is controlled by the vagus nerves C. Is not blocked by injection of atropine, an acetylcholine receptor blocker D. Constitutes about one half of the gastric juice secreted on eating ✅ Answer: B. Is controlled by the vagus nerves Explanation: Is controlled by the vagus nerves is the physiologically correct answer per standard MBChB-level teaching on this topic. --- Question 11 Gastric HCl secretion: A. Is a passive process that occurs in all parts of the stomach B. Is stimulated by somatostatin, cimetidine & pirenzepine C. Is inhibited by histamine, gastrin & acetylcholine D. Plays a significant role in iron absorption ✅ Answer: D. Plays a significant role in iron absorption Explanation: Plays a significant role in iron absorption is the physiologically correct answer per standard MBChB-level teaching on this topic. --- Question 12 Distension of the stomach: A. Is associated with a decrease in its peristaltic movement B. Leads to reduction of gastric juice secretion C. Decreases the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter D. Causes an acute increase in the intragastric pressure ✅ Answer: C. Decreases the tone of the lower esophageal sphincter Explanation: Decreases the tone of the lower esopha