Medical Physiology — Additional GI OmpathStudy

Continued from $1. Additional GI Physiology Questions (pending answer review) The following 45 questions come from a second, separately-transcribed source with no answer key at all. Formatting (line-wraps, numbering) has been cleaned up, but answers have not yet been composed — each is flagged individually below rather than left silently blank. Question 212 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the myenteric ganglia of the enteric nervous system? A. Also known as Auerbach's plexus B. Contains most of the motor neurons to circular and longitudinal muscles of the intestinal tract C. It is smaller than the submucousal ganglia and most prominent in the small and large intestine D. It is interconnected with the submucosal ganglia. E. Contains both excitatory and inhibitory motor nerves to the smooth muscle fibers. This question's answer was not present in the source transcription and has not yet been verified — flagged for review rather than guessed at. Refer to the original scanned pages if available. --- Question 213 The enteric or intrinsic nervous system includes all of the following except: A. The same number of neurons as the spinal cord. B. Motor programs and reflex circuits. C. Sensory neurons capable of detecting chemical, mechanical and thermal conditions in the GI tract. D. Vagus innervation to the esophagus, stomach, and pancreas. This question's answer was not present in the source transcription and has not yet been verified — flagged for review rather than guessed at. Refer to the original scanned pages if available. --- Question 214 Which of the following best describes a fast EPSP synaptic event? A. The depolarization persists several seconds to minutes after the termination of the presynaptic transmitter release. B. Acetylcholine activation of nicotinic cholinergic post-synaptic receptors results in a depolarization lasting less than 50 msec. C. reguires K+ channel closure D. requires K+ channel opening This question's answer was not present in the source transcription and has not yet been verified — flagged for review rather than guessed at. Refer to the original scanned pages if available. --- Question 215 Which of the following statements correctly describes a function of the parasympathetic innervation of the GI tract. A. Norepinephrine is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter. B. Excessive parasympathetic activity can lead to a pathological state called paralytic ileas. C. Inhibitory efferent Vagal innervation causes sphincters to contract. D. Afferent sensory input is received in the nucleus of the solitary tract and processed in the dorsal motor nucleus of the medulla oblongata. E. Glucose concentration, pH, osmolality, movement of material past mechanoreceptors, and level of contractile strength or stretch are monitored by efferent parasympathetic fibers. This question's answer was not present in the source transcription and has not yet been verified — flagged for review rather than guessed at. Refer to the original scanned pages if available. --- Question 216 Muscles in the propulsive and receiving segments of the GI tract respond differently to food movement through the gut. Which of the following statements correctly describes activity in the propulsive segment? A. The circular and longitudinal muscles are contracted. B. The longitudinal muscles are contracted and the circular muscles are relaxed. C. Both the longitudinal muscles and circular muscles are relaxed. D. The circular muscles are contracted and the longitudinal muscles are relaxed. This question's answer was not present in the source transcription and has not yet been verified — flagged for review rather than guessed at. Refer to the original scanned pages if available. --- Question 217 The interstitial cells of Cajal: A. fire action potentials to initiate the electrical slow waves propagating along the GI tract. B. Are found between the longitudinal and circular smoth muscle layers. C. Hormonally regulate peristalsis. This question's answer was not present in the source transcription and has not yet been verified — flagged for review rather than guessed at. Refer to the original scanned pages if available. --- Question 218 Circular smooth muscle in the the GI tract: A. Accounts for the majority of smooth muscle in the stomach and intestine. B. Are coupled via gap junctions which increases the resistance and slows electrical signals through the fibers. C. Generates less propulsive force than longitudinal smooth muscle. This question's answer was not present in the source transcription and has not yet been verified — flagged for review rather than guessed at. Refer to the original scanned pages if available. --- Question 219 Which of the following is characteristic of the segmenting movements in the small intestine? A. It decreases particle size, which increases the surface area for digestion. B. It brings the products of digestion to the mucosal surface for absorption. C. It results in the mixing of the lumina