BABY NELSON PEADS Year 4 Paediatrics Notes OmpathStudy

BABY NELSON PEADS Year 4 · Paediatrics Collection: 4TH YEAR ALL NOTES / PAEDS / BOOKS -- Baby Nelson .1n Illustrated Pediatrics\n\n Editor\nDr. Mohamed A. EL Komy\nLecturer of pediatrics, Zagazig university\nMRCPCH Pt II (London)\n\n Contact me\nDr. Mohamed Abd El Hakam El komy\nMobile: +2 01000 8 9045\nHome: +2 055 2332 877\nClinic: + 2 050 692 11 66 \n\n - ---.~J;ntent:la.-<Growth & Development................................................ 1 Infant Feeding................................................................ 10 Nutrition............................................................................. 29 Genetics.............................................................................. 69 Infections............................................................................ 84 Diarrheal Disorders..................................................... 113 Neonatology................................................................... 133 Cardiology....................................................................... 191 Hematology..................................................................... 226 Gastroenterology & Hepatology............................ 278 Pulmonolgy..................................................................... 296 Nephrology..................................................................... 323 Endocrinology................................................................ 346 Neurology........................................................................ 362 \n\nTo my Mother and my Father who always believed in me more than\nI have ever believed in myself To the soul of my father in law Dr. Ahmad Hamdy Elwelily who was always filling me with faith, encouragement and love in my entire\ncareer\nTo all my professors and colleagues in pediatric department,\nZagazig university faculty ofmedicine\n\n To my wife, Dr Saly, and my son, Mazen, my beloved\ninspirational companions for whom I drag myself out of bed each\nmorning and the reason I rush home each night To my brother Dr AshrafEl Komy who did for me much more than\nI can ever do for myself \nTo my family kids: Mena, Omar, Hosam, Ahmad, Zyad,\nKhalid, Abd rahman, and Saif \nTo my friends Mr Ahmad Talaat;the pioneer teacher\nofphysics and the smart pediatrician Dr. Tark \n\n List of abbreviations 1. 25 (OH)2 D3: One, twenty five dihydroxy cholecalciferol. 25(0H)D3: Twenty five hydroxy cholecalciferol. ACTH: Adreno corticotropine honnone. Acute HAN: Acute hemolytic anemia. ADH: Antidiuretic honnone. ALKphos: Alkaline phosphatase. ALT: Alanine amino transferase ARF: Acute renal failure AST: Aspartate amino transferase CIS: Culture & sensitivity Ca:Calcium. CBC: Complete blood count Congenital heart disease. CHD: Carbohydrate CHV: Cytomegalo virus. DIC: Disseminated intra vascular coagulation. DM: Diabetes Mellitus. Fe:Iron G-CSF: Granulocyte colony stimulating factor GE: Gastroenteritis. GERD: Gastroesphageal reflux disease H.F.: Heart failure HBV: Hepatitis B virus. HIE:Hypoxic ischaemic Encephalopathy. HIV:Human immunodeficiency virus. ICT: Intracranial tension. IUGR: Intrauterine growth retardation LCPUFA: Long chain poly unsaturated fatty acids, LFTs: Liver function tests. MR: Mental retardation. Ph: Phosphate. PTH: Parathyroid honnone. RFTs: Renal function tests. SIDS: Sudden infant death syndrome TPN: Total parenteral nutrition. UOP: Urine out put. URTI: Upper respiratory tract infection UTI: Urinary tract infections. \n\n Growth\nAnd Development\n\n "-· \n\nDefinitions Growth is increase in size of organism due to increase size and I or increase number\nof its constituent cells. Development is maturation of functions & acquisition of skills. \nStages of Growth & Development\n1- Intrauterine stage \n+\nEmbryonic period Early fetal period\n+\nLate fetal period\n1st trimester 2nd trimester 3rd trimester (1st 12 weeks of gestation) (12-28 weeks) (28-40 weeks)\nu u u Devoted for organogenesis Rapid growth mainly in Rapid growth mainly in By end of this phase the length weight\nembryo weight is 9 gm • Fetus is pre viable • Fetus is viable\nand 5 em length • At end of this period:\n- Length is 35 em, Teratogenic agents in this -Weight is 1 kg\nperiod may lead to:\nabortion or congenital • Teratogenic agents in fetal period may lead to fetal\nanomalies. death, stillbirth, premature delivery or IUGR. \n2- Extra uterine stage\nI\n+\nNeonatal\n+\nInfancy +\nChildhood\n+--.\nAdolescence 1st 4 weeks of life - Eariy infancy up to - Early childhood From (12-15 years)\none year (2-5 years)\n- Late infancy during - Late childhood\nthe 2nd year. (6- 12 years).\nFactors affecting erowth 1- Factors before conception:\na. Racial b. Familial c. Constitutional 2- Maternal factors (during conception): including maternal diseases, medications &\nnutritional status. 3- After birth:\na. Age ~ growth rate is more during -infancy and adofescence.\nb. Sex ~I Q Q Equal g Q I a @\nBirth 4yrs llyrs 14yrs \nc. Status ~ nutritional & psycholo