PAEDS END YEAR 2019 + END SEM 2023 Year 4 Paediatrics Notes

PAEDS END YEAR 2019 + END SEM 2023 Year 4 · Paediatrics Collection: 4TH YEAR ALL NOTES / PAEDS / PAEDS REVISION -- e PR '"’“1) A proviously well 1 .year-old infant has had a running nose and has been. , + ily had similer Ik ef &% 3 sneezing and coughing for 2 days. Twg other members of the I of theofam:ys'ical; b} symptoms. Four hours ago, his cough became much worse. sl Gipiea pir: i i ring, hyper pamndin, e e P rn S S e expang{g rlgf,\fmé cledt\and easily audible wheezing. likely diagnosis is /@Y Bronchiolitis B. Viral croup C. Asthma D. Epiglotiitis E. Diphtheria \; P 2) Which of the foRowing is true of tetanus? A. Failure to culture Clostridium tetani from the wound would make the diagnosis doubtful B. Infection confers lifelong immunityfi‘/« C. There is a characteristic EEGNo D. Clostridium-specific intravenous immunoglobulin is of no benefit once a spasm has started @ Cephalic\tetanus causes severe dysphagia; 3 N 3) Stiff neck in a young child is a feature in the.fallqwifig;pbhdiflom A. Acute poliomyelitis el . B. Retropharyngeal abscess ‘/\“@"Rubeola (measles) j{= RNA vIrts 'f “’?"’fn D. Subarachnoid hemorrhage i it t@ Tuberculosis.: s EXC! b Two weeks after a viral illness, Mukiri, a 9-year-old girl bresents to the clinic wit a complaint of several days of drooping from her mouth. In addition to the eft side of her mouth, y that she is unable to complete Her smile is asymmetric, but her examination s otherwiss 4 i g\n\nyeci QYdenha € J)C 3 Wl 1 CLG"{‘ /.. Ageneralized Dap%lar & 'h\Y\J\‘ Egyieaa macgaaiim li. Elevated ASOT fiters oo socledig . (U Polyarthritis toiher. s Splmterhemorrhages - Byritralge Jiof paus I, Positive blood culture of viri v; shater o iridans streplococei 5 'APQCPLP,TG«IQ {7 5 2 wis ) Aninfant can move his head from side to slde while following a moving object, e can lift his head from a prone position 45° off {he examining table, smiles when m encouraged, and makes cooing sounds. He cannot maintain a seated posmon The most likely age of the infant is \ 1 month \‘ 73 months . 6 months ). 9 months .. 12 months 7) jOrig, an 11 year old boy from Makutano presents with bilateral cervical lymy hadenopathy. His lymph node biopsy reveals nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's dise 1se. Which cne of the following features indicates a poorer prognosis? G /. Fatigue L. Mediastinal mass of 3cm s S ('?’Y "éjfi,‘f'i"\;"“‘. { Night sweats - o &%= 5\ » [. Pruritis E Recent Epstein- Barr virus infection 8) An &-month-old infant has a 2-day history of diarthea and poor fluid intake. You diagiiose 10 to 15% dehydration Which of the following fluids is appropnate to al0 9 /0.0 begin immediate resuscitation? /.. Oral rehydration solution . 5% dextrose with, 22 normal saline 4= Normal saline 47 Ringer's lactate solution - @riam £ no uae 10 ofigurtcpt 2 [. Half strength Darrow’s solution. e‘@‘ A 9) jum:1, a four year old boy from Mwea is found to have the classical murmur.of a patent ductus arteriosus. Which one of the following is characteristic of this mun wur? Commuous l// i E Mid-diastolic C Pan-systolic .. R A R s ————— e TR; Page3 aper One ‘ 4 y @RS i poi? D. Ejection: E. Early diastolic. k C} Hepatitis C virus: \/ AU The incubation period is 7-9 weeks . Food is the usual mode of transmission/ C. HasaDNAgenome sy 1 ‘Rp &5 Commonly transmitted through breastmilk. /e Is a predominantly non-cytopathogenic virus that causes injury by immune-mediated processes /\ he following is consistent with hrainstem death absence of consensual pupillary light reflexeé)( B2 absence of cold caloric reflex A C. periodic breathing D. absent tendon reflexes E. Cheyne Strokes breathing @Metabohc alkaiosis is Characlerlsucally found in one of the following: @& Pyloric stenosis ~wl of layv o& BT, B. Mineralocorticoid defimency C. Cholera D. Salicylate poisoning ’ (L E. An infusion of Ringers lactate i @The following is true of chromosomal disorders A Down's syndrome is most commonly due to an extra copy of chromosome 2: inherited from the father. "~ B A haploid cell has 46 chromosomes & C A fetus with triploidy will have 47 chromosomes D The normal human karyotype consists of 44 pairs of-autosomes % =] Rober’tsonlan trans[ocatlon nvolvmg chromosome 21 accounts for 3-4 % of Down's syndrome. / @ -year-old infant is known to have heart disease and is noted to be cyanosed. Which of the following is the most likely dia nosls7 A. Afrial septal defect;aaf‘d“ 1 i B. Co-arctation’of the aorta i i PatenLDuctus Adeno et ’5 4 i Page 4\n\nv . 25)An awake, al}:r t.mfa,mwuthaz.day history of diarthea pres At i oL sents with a de » tachycardia, sunken eyes, and the loss of skin elasticity, Wh‘fl:eosfs\le\i following is the correct percentage of dehydration? A Less than 1% - WY A&k E. 1% to 5% Wi, V= gmo% to 15% \v et e E.” More than 20% s&\ \}\u # N L dhy 26)All tlie following enter the human body by plercing the skin EXCERT A. Necator americanus E. Stroingyloides stercoralis C. Shistosoma mansoni . Toxocara ’Entamoeba histolytica F (¢ I 27)'0an do,