ANATOMY MCQs

96 clinical MCQs in Anatomy. The membranous part of the male urethra is located in which of the following structures? -. Kenya, Africa and global revision.

Questions, Answers & Explanations

1. Q1. The membranous part of the male urethra is located in which of the following structures? ---

   • Bladder
   • Prostate
   • External urethral sphincter
   • Bulb of penis

   Answer: External urethral sphincter

2. Q2. The paraurethral glands are homologues to which of the following? ---

   • Testes
   • Prostate
   • Seminal vesicles
   • Bulbourethral glands

   Answer: Prostate

3. Q3. Lithotripsy uses shock waves to break up which of the following structures? ---

   • Blood clots
   • Foreign bodies
   • Small tumors
   • Urinary calculi

   Answer: Urinary calculi

4. Q4. Which of the following areas contributes to the major part of the prostate? ---

   • Anterior lobe
   • Posterior lobe
   • Lateral lobes
   • Middle lobe

   Answer: Lateral lobes

5. Q5. The relationship "water passing under the bridge" is especially important for surgeons ligating which of the following arteries? ---

   • Ovarian
   • Testicular
   • Uterine
   • Vaginal

   Answer: Uterine

6. Q6. Immediately superior to the perineal membrane is located which of the following muscles? ---

   • Obturator internus
   • Levator ani
   • Ischiocavernosus
   • Deep transverse perineal

   Answer: Deep transverse perineal

7. Q7. The navicular fossa is located in which of the following structures? ---

   • Bulb of the penis
   • Prostate
   • Membranous urethra
   • Glans penis

   Answer: Glans penis

8. Q8. All of the following nerves provide innervation to the scrotum EXCEPT ---

   • Ilioinguinal
   • Genitofemoral
   • Pudendal
   • Obturator

   Answer: Obturator

9. Q9. All of the following structures surround the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum EXCEPT ---

   • Loose areolar tissue
   • Deep fascia
   • Tunica albuginea
   • Tunica dartos

   Answer: Tunica dartos

10. Q10. Which of the following arteries gives rise to the deferential artery? ---

    • Internal pudendal
    • Testicular
    • Inferior vesicle
    • Umbilical

    Answer: Inferior vesicle

11. Q11. Which of the following structures is located at the free anterior borders of the levator ani? ---

    • Coccygeus muscle
    • Piriformis muscle
    • Urogenital hiatus
    • Rectum

    Answer: Urogenital hiatus

12. Q12. Which of the following structures forms a U-shaped sling around the anorectal junction? ---

    • Sacrospinous ligament
    • Anococcygeal ligament
    • Superficial transverse perineal muscle
    • Puborectalis muscle

    Answer: Puborectalis muscle

13. Q13. Which of the following muscles is the largest and most important in the pelvic floor? ---

    • Coccygeus
    • Obturator internus
    • Piriformis
    • Levator ani

    Answer: Levator ani

14. Q14. Which of the following muscles passes through the lesser sciatic foramen? ---

    • Obturator internus
    • Piriformis
    • Puborectalis
    • Pubococcygeus

    Answer: Obturator internus

15. Q15. Which of the following muscles leaves the lesser pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen? ---

    • Pubococcygeus
    • Iliococcygeus
    • Puborectalis
    • Piriformis

    Answer: Piriformis

16. Q16. The pelvic splanchnic nerves contain which of the following? ---

    • Somatic afferents
    • Sympathetic fibers
    • Parasympathetic fibers
    • Special visceral efferents

    Answer: Parasympathetic fibers

17. Q17. The internal iliac artery is crossed by which of the following structures at the level of the intervertebral disc between L5 and S1? ---

    • Puborectalis muscle
    • Ureter
    • Obturator nerve
    • Umbilical artery

    Answer: Ureter

18. Q18. The superior end of the vagina surrounds which of the following structures? ---

    • Round ligament
    • Urogenital hiatus
    • Urethra
    • Cervix

    Answer: Cervix

19. Q19. Which of the following nerves innervates the lower one fourth of the vagina? ---

    • Pelvic splanchnics
    • Lumbar splanchnics
    • Pudendal
    • Superior hypogastric plexus

    Answer: Pudendal

20. Q20. Which of the following structures forms the mesentery of the uterus? ---

    • Round ligament of the uterus
    • Mesosalpinx
    • Pelvic diaphragm
    • Mesometrium

    Answer: Mesometrium

21. Q21. The posterior part of the tendinous arch of pelvic fascia forms which of the following ligaments? ---

    • Puboprostatic
    • Pubovesicle
    • Transverse cervical
    • Sacrogenital

    Answer: Sacrogenital

22. Q22. Inferiorly, the posterior surfaces of the kidney are related to all of the following structures EXCEPT ---

    • Subcostal nerve
    • Iliohypogastric nerve
    • Ilioinguinal nerve
    • Second portion of the duodenum

    Answer: Second portion of the duodenum

23. Q23. The renal papillae empty into which of the following structures? ---

    • Renal vein
    • Ureter
    • Minor calyces
    • Renal pyramid

    Answer: Minor calyces

24. Q24. All of the following statements concerning the renal hilum are correct EXCEPT ---

    • The renal vein is anterior to the renal artery
    • The renal artery is anterior to the renal pelvis
    • It is the entrance to the renal sinus
    • It contains the renal pyramids

    Answer: It contains the renal pyramids

25. Q25. The suprarenal glands are located between the superomedial aspects of the kidneys and which of the following structures? ---

    • Neck of the pancreas
    • Diaphragm
    • Quadrate lobe of the liver
    • Mesentery

    Answer: Diaphragm

26. Q26. Which of the following structures is related to the spleen, stomach, pancreas, and the left crus of the diaphragm? ---

    • Left suprarenal gland
    • Left kidney
    • Left gonadal vein
    • Transverse mesocolon

    Answer: Left suprarenal gland

27. Q27. All of the following statements concerning the suprarenal cortex are correct EXCEPT ---

    • Derives from mesoderm
    • Secretes corticosteroids
    • Secretes androgens
    • Associated with the sympathetic nervous system

    Answer: Associated with the sympathetic nervous system

28. Q28. The superior suprarenal arteries are branches of which of the following arteries? ---

    • Abdominal aorta
    • Renal
    • Inferior phrenic
    • Celiac trunk

    Answer: Inferior phrenic

29. Q29. Which of the following muscles is considered the chief muscle of inspiration? ---

    • Internal intercostal
    • External intercostal
    • Diaphragm
    • Scalene

    Answer: Diaphragm

30. Q30. All of the following statements concerning the central tendon of the diaphragm are correct EXCEPT ---

    • It has no bony attachments
    • It is incompletely divided into three leaves
    • It is perforated by the aorta
    • It is perforated by the inferior vena cava

    Answer: It is perforated by the aorta

31. Q31. The crura of the diaphragm are musculotendinous bundles that arise from which of the following structures? ---

    • Posterior longitudinal ligament
    • Sternum
    • Bodies of lumbar vertebrae L1, L2, and L3
    • Renal fascia

    Answer: Bodies of lumbar vertebrae L1, L2, and L3

32. Q32. The nerves of the kidneys and suprarenal glands are derived from which of the following plexuses? ---

    • Celiac
    • Lumbar
    • Inferior mesenteric
    • Sacral

    Answer: Celiac

33. Q33. The lateral arcuate ligaments are formed from thickenings of which of the following muscular fasciae? ---

    • Psoas major
    • Quadratus lumborum
    • Transversus abdominis
    • Rectus abdominis

    Answer: Quadratus lumborum

34. Q34. The following is TRUE regarding the sensory innervation of the anterior abdominal wall ---

    • The dermatome of the umbilical area is T10 yet the umbilicus is at the level of L3/L4 vertebrae
    • The lumbar nerves give sensory innervation to the epigastric area
    • The lumbar nerves give sensory innervation to the right hypochondrium
    • The midgut derivatives are innervated by the lower lumbar nerves

    Answer: The dermatome of the umbilical area is T10 yet the umbilicus is at the level of L3/L4 vertebrae

35. Q35. The following is a peritoneal reflection on the anterior abdominal wall EXCEPT ---

    • Median umbilical ligament
    • Lateral umbilical ligament
    • Ligamentum teres hepatis
    • Superior umbilical ligament

    Answer: Superior umbilical ligament

36. Q36. The following boundaries of Winslow’s epiploic foramen are correctly matched EXCEPT ---

    • Superior boundary – quadrate lobe of the liver
    • Inferior boundary – intraperitoneal portion of the duodenum
    • Anterior boundary – Hepatoduodenal ligament
    • Posterior boundary – Inferior vena cava

    Answer: Superior boundary – quadrate lobe of the liver

37. Q37. The following is a content of the triangle of Calot EXCEPT ---

    • Cystic artery
    • Lymph node of Lund
    • Cystic duct
    • Mascagni’s lymph node

    Answer: Mascagni’s lymph node

38. Q38. The Cantlie’s line passes through the following structures EXCEPT ---

    • Porta hepatis
    • Hepatic portion of Inferior vena cava
    • Quadrate lobe of the liver
    • Gallbladder

    Answer: Quadrate lobe of the liver

39. Q39. The following is true regarding the flow of bile ---

    • Cholecystokinin is an important hormone in stimulating release and flow of bile
    • Cystic duct joins the right hepatic duct to form the common hepatic duct
    • Cystic duct joins the left hepatic duct to form the common hepatic duct
    • Common bile duct is formed by the cystic duct and left hepatic duct

    Answer: Cholecystokinin is an important hormone in stimulating release and flow of bile

40. Q40. The following is a function of the spleen EXCEPT ---

    • Storage of platelets
    • Sequestration of red blood cells
    • Storage of blood
    • Immunity against encapsulated bacteria

    Answer: Sequestration of red blood cells

41. Q41. The following is TRUE regarding the spleen ---

    • The gastric impression is on the inferior border of the spleen
    • The renal impression is on the superior border of the spleen
    • The colic impression is at the hilum of the spleen
    • The gastric impression is on the superior border of the spleen

    Answer: The gastric impression is on the superior border of the spleen

42. Q42. Which is the most common site for the appendix found at appendectomy? ---

    • Retro-ileal
    • Retro-caecal
    • Pelvic
    • Anterior to terminal ileum

    Answer: Retro-caecal

43. Q43. The following is TRUE regarding the structures that pass through the openings in the thoracic diaphragm EXCEPT ---

    • Right phrenic nerve passes through the caval opening at T8
    • The thoracic duct passes through the aortic opening at T12
    • The vagus nerve passes through the oesophageal opening at T10
    • The left phrenic nerve passes through the caval opening at T8

    Answer: The left phrenic nerve passes through the caval opening at T8

44. Q44. With regards to the stomach, the following is FALSE ---

    • The angle of His is at the level of the cardia
    • The angular incisura is at the level of the pylorus
    • The criminal nerve of Grassi is the posterior branch of the right vagus nerve
    • The criminal nerve of Grassi is the anterior branch of the left vagus nerve

    Answer: The criminal nerve of Grassi is the anterior branch of the left vagus nerve

45. Q45. With regards to the stomach, the following is TRUE ---

    • The function includes production of hydrochloric acid and mechanical digestion of food
    • The rugal folds are on the external surface of the stomach
    • The pyloric sphincter is controlled by cholecystokinin
    • The blood supply is only by the gastroepiploic arteries

    Answer: The function includes production of hydrochloric acid and mechanical digestion of food

46. Q46. All the following are veins which drain the stomach EXCEPT ---

    • Gastroepiploic
    • Gastroduodenal
    • Right gastric
    • Left gastric

    Answer: Gastroduodenal

47. Q47. Which of the following structures does NOT traverse the transpyloric plane? ---

    • Splenic vein
    • Tips of the 9th costal cartilages
    • Lower border of L1
    • Spleen

    Answer: Splenic vein

48. Q48. Which is NOT true of the stomach? ---

    • Completely invested by peritoneum
    • Cardia situated at T12
    • Pyloric opening at L1
    • Aorta to the left of lesser curve

    Answer: Cardia situated at T12

49. Q49. Appendix ---

    • Usually lies pelvic in most people
    • Drains to inguinal nodes
    • Has no mesentery
    • Has a tip constant in relation to the caecum

    Answer: Usually lies pelvic in most people

50. Q50. The pancreas ---

    • Lies at the level of the L1 vertebra
    • Body slopes downward across the aorta
    • Receives its blood supply from the splenic artery
    • Develops from three separate buds

    Answer: Receives its blood supply from the splenic artery

51. Q51. The liver ---

    • Is divided into superior and inferior lobes by the falciform ligament
    • Has a bare area inferiorly
    • Receives blood from portal and hepatic veins
    • Has a caudate lobe that lies within the lesser sac

    Answer: Has a caudate lobe that lies within the lesser sac

52. Q52. Regarding the spleen ---

    • It lies between the 7th and 9th ribs
    • The tail is contained in the lienorenal ligament
    • The head is immediately anterior to the aorta
    • The tail lies in the transpyloric plane

    Answer: The tail is contained in the lienorenal ligament

53. Q53. Regarding the liver ---

    • The caudate lobe is bounded by the ligamentum venosum and the inferior vena cava
    • The left lobe extends approximately 12 cm to the left of the midline
    • The gallbladder is at the tip of the 11th costal cartilage
    • The bare area lies against the duodenum

    Answer: The caudate lobe is bounded by the ligamentum venosum and the inferior vena cava

54. Q54. Regarding the anterior abdominal wall ---

    • The arcuate line lies midway between the symphysis pubis and umbilicus
    • Between the umbilicus and the lateral margin, transversus aponeurosis lies posterior to the rectus
    • The inferior epigastric artery originates from the internal iliac
    • It gives support to the liver and spleen

    Answer: Between the umbilicus and the lateral margin, transversus aponeurosis lies posterior to the rectus

55. Q55. The spleen ---

    • Is a retroperitoneal organ
    • Lies along the axis of the left 10th rib
    • Lymphatics drain to the superior mesenteric para-aortic nodes
    • Pain fibres accompany sympathetic fibres and pain may radiate in the distribution of thoracic dermatomes 6–10

    Answer: Pain fibres accompany sympathetic fibres and pain may radiate in the distribution of thoracic dermatomes 6–10

56. Q56. Which structure does NOT enter the inguinal canal through the deep inguinal ring? ---

    • Testicular artery
    • Vas deferens
    • Ilioinguinal nerve
    • Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

    Answer: Ilioinguinal nerve

57. Q57. All of the following are true regarding the pancreas EXCEPT ---

    • The neck and body of the pancreas lie anterior to the first lumbar vertebrae
    • The neck of the pancreas lies over the right and left renal veins at the level of L2 vertebra
    • The splenic artery supplies all of the pancreas
    • Parasympathetic vagal fibres stimulate the exocrine secretion from the gland

    Answer: The splenic artery supplies all of the pancreas

58. Q58. The relations of the THIRD part of the duodenum include ---

    • The hilum of the right kidney
    • The attachment of the transverse mesocolon
    • The inferior pole of the right kidney
    • The superior mesenteric vein

    Answer: The superior mesenteric vein

59. Q59. Which of the following forms the posterior wall of the inguinal canal? ---

    • Conjoint tendon
    • Internal oblique muscle
    • Transversus abdominis muscle
    • Lacunar ligament

    Answer: Conjoint tendon

60. Q60. The following structure contributes to the bucket handle mechanism ---

    • Sternum
    • Diaphragm
    • Clavicle
    • Ribs

    Answer: Ribs

61. Q61. The following structure contributes to the pump handle mechanism ---

    • Sternum
    • Diaphragm
    • Clavicle
    • Ribs

    Answer: Sternum

62. Q62. The following muscle originates from the thorax EXCEPT ---

    • External oblique abdominis
    • Pectoralis major
    • Pectoralis minor
    • Teres major

    Answer: Teres major

63. Q63. The thymus gland ---

    • Lies in the anterior mediastinum
    • Is partly responsible for immune competence in early life
    • Undergoes progressive involution after puberty
    • All of the above

    Answer: All of the above

64. Q64. The right bronchus differs from the left in that it is ---

    • Longer, more vertical, and wider
    • Shorter, more vertical, and wider
    • Shorter, more horizontal, and narrower
    • Longer, more horizontal, and narrower

    Answer: Shorter, more vertical, and wider

65. Q65. The following vessels drain the rib cage EXCEPT ---

    • Azygous vein
    • Accessory hemiazygous
    • Pericardiophrenic veins
    • Intercostal veins

    Answer: Pericardiophrenic veins

66. Q66. The following pair of structures are affected in peau d’orange ---

    • Suspensory ligaments, lactiferous ducts
    • Axillary tail of Spence, retromammary space
    • Suspensory ligaments, fat
    • Suspensory ligaments, lymphatics

    Answer: Suspensory ligaments, lymphatics

67. Q67. The following structures form an impression on the left lung EXCEPT ---

    • Cardiac impression of left ventricle
    • Arch of aorta
    • Descending thoracic aorta
    • Azygous vein

    Answer: Azygous vein

68. Q68. The following structure is uniquely found at the hilum of the right lung ---

    • Arch of azygous vein
    • Descending thoracic aorta
    • Esophagus
    • Intermediate bronchus

    Answer: Intermediate bronchus

69. Q69. The larynx ---

    • Is a respiratory organ whose essential function is phonation
    • Extends from the anterior upper border of the epiglottis to the level of C6
    • Consists of two single cartilages, the thyroid and cricoid
    • Is hauled up beneath the tongue with the epiglottis tilted anterior and upwards during swallowing

    Answer: Is a respiratory organ whose essential function is phonation

70. Q70. Regarding the larynx ---

    • The external laryngeal nerve supplies the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle
    • The internal laryngeal nerve supplies cricothyroid
    • The blood supply above the vocal cords is by a branch of the internal carotid
    • Normal vocal cords are always covered by stratified squamous epithelium

    Answer: Normal vocal cords are always covered by stratified squamous epithelium

71. Q71. Which is true of the trachea? ---

    • Begins at the level of C7
    • Isthmus of the thyroid lies anterior to the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th rings
    • Has 15–20 complete cartilaginous rings
    • Receives its blood supply from the inferior thyroid artery alone

    Answer: Isthmus of the thyroid lies anterior to the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th rings

72. Q72. The blood supply to the nasal cavity ---

    • Is only from the external carotid
    • Mainly enters through the nostril
    • Does not communicate with intracranial vessels
    • Mainly enters through the sphenopalatine foramen

    Answer: Mainly enters through the sphenopalatine foramen

73. Q73. Protection of the airway during swallowing is NOT facilitated by ---

    • The sphincteric action of the aryepiglottic muscles
    • Closure of the glottis
    • Elevation of the larynx
    • Contraction of the cricothyroid muscle

    Answer: Contraction of the cricothyroid muscle

74. Q74. Structure of the larynx includes ---

    • The inlet being bounded posteriorly by the epiglottis
    • The lateral cricoarytenoid being an adductor of the vocal cords
    • The aryepiglottic fold contains the cuneiform cartilage
    • The rima of the vestibule being the fissure between the two vocal cords

    Answer: The aryepiglottic fold contains the cuneiform cartilage

75. Q75. The posterior cricoarytenoid muscles ---

    • Abduct the vocal cords
    • Adduct the vocal cords
    • Tensor of the vocal cords
    • Relaxers of the vocal cords

    Answer: Abduct the vocal cords

76. Q76. The superior laryngeal nerve ---

    • Divides into internal and recurrent laryngeal nerves
    • Supplies the cricothyroid muscle via an external laryngeal branch
    • Supplies all the intrinsic muscles of the larynx
    • Is sensory to larynx below the vocal cords

    Answer: Supplies the cricothyroid muscle via an external laryngeal branch

77. Q77. The surface markings of the trachea include ---

    • Origin at lower end of the cricoid at C4 vertebra
    • Origin at C6 vertebra level
    • Termination at T2 at expiration
    • Termination at T4 level at maximal inspiration

    Answer: Origin at C6 vertebra level

78. Q78. The trachea ---

    • Elongates during swallowing
    • Is innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerves
    • Contains smooth muscle
    • Ends at about the level of the sternal angle

    Answer: Ends at about the level of the sternal angle

79. Q79. The vocal folds are ---

    • Relaxed by the thyroarytenoid muscles
    • Slackened by the cricothyroid muscles
    • Lined by a stratified, squamous non-keratinizing epithelium
    • Covered on their free edge by a mucosa which lacks mucous glands

    Answer: Relaxed by the thyroarytenoid muscles

80. Q80. The palatine tonsil ---

    • Lies between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches
    • Receives its main supply from a branch of the facial artery
    • Drains lymph to the jugulodigastric node
    • Is covered by stratified squamous epithelium

    Answer: Receives its main supply from a branch of the facial artery

81. Q81. The lateral cricoarytenoid muscle ---

    • Is attached to the arch of the cricoid cartilage
    • Adducts the vocal fold
    • Produces movement of a synovial joint
    • Is supplied by the recurrent laryngeal nerve

    Answer: Adducts the vocal fold

82. Q82. The cricoid cartilage ---

    • Is hyaline
    • Has a muscular connection to the thyroid cartilage
    • Has a lamina and an arch
    • Helps form four synovial joints

    Answer: Helps form four synovial joints

83. Q83. The following are parts of the lateral ventricle EXCEPT ---

    • Anterior horn
    • Middle horn
    • Posterior horn
    • Inferior horn

    Answer: Middle horn

84. Q84. The following is a function of the hypothalamus EXCEPT ---

    • Endocrine control
    • Autonomic control
    • Limbic functions
    • Reticular functions

    Answer: Reticular functions

85. Q85. The following thalamic nuclei are correctly matched with their function EXCEPT ---

    • Anterior nucleus – Limbic
    • Intralaminar nuclei – Reticular function
    • Medial geniculate nucleus – Auditory relay function
    • Ventroposterolateral nucleus – Sensation relay from head and neck

    Answer: Ventroposterolateral nucleus – Sensation relay from head and neck

86. Q86. The following hypothalamic nuclei are correctly matched with their function EXCEPT ---

    • Mammillary nucleus – Limbic
    • Anterior nucleus – Sympathetic regulation
    • Suprachiasmatic nucleus – Circadian rhythm
    • Paraventricular nucleus – Oxytocin production

    Answer: Anterior nucleus – Sympathetic regulation

87. Q87. The following is a function of the limbic system EXCEPT ---

    • Reward system
    • Control of anger
    • Endocrine functions
    • Control of fear

    Answer: Endocrine functions

88. Q88. The following is part of the limbic system EXCEPT ---

    • Parahippocampal gyrus
    • Hippocampus
    • Induseum griseum
    • Angular gyrus

    Answer: Angular gyrus

89. Q89. The following layer of the meninges is avascular ---

    • Endosteal layer of dura
    • Meningeal layer of dura
    • Arachnoid mater
    • Pia mater

    Answer: Arachnoid mater

90. Q90. Choose one which is NOT a derivative of the sclerotome ---

    • Nucleus pulposus
    • Annulus fibrosus
    • Ribs
    • Vertebral bodies

    Answer: Nucleus pulposus

91. Q91. The structures passing through the cavernous sinus include the following EXCEPT ---

    • Optic nerve
    • Oculomotor nerve
    • Trochlear nerve
    • Ophthalmic nerve

    Answer: Optic nerve

92. Q92. All of the following are characteristics of the dural venous sinuses EXCEPT ---

    • They terminate directly or indirectly in the internal jugular vein
    • They lie between the dura and the arachnoid mater
    • The wall of sinuses of dura mater has no smooth muscle
    • They connect with the veins outside the cranial cavity

    Answer: They lie between the dura and the arachnoid mater

93. Q93. The following are dural folds/reflections EXCEPT ---

    • Falx cerebri
    • Falx cerebelli
    • Tentorium cerebelli
    • Septum pellucidum

    Answer: Septum pellucidum

94. Q94. Pick the false pair ---

    • Optic canal: optic nerve
    • Foramen ovale: mandibular nerve
    • Jugular foramen: glossopharyngeal nerve
    • Internal acoustic meatus: abducens nerve

    Answer: Internal acoustic meatus: abducens nerve

95. Q95. Which of the following foramina is unpaired? ---

    • Foramen lacerum
    • Greater palatine foramen
    • Foramen cecum
    • Lesser palatine foramen

    Answer: Foramen cecum

96. Q96. Which of the following is NOT a bone of the neurocranium?

    • Palatine bones
    • Parietal bones
    • Sphenoid bones
    • Temporal bones

    Answer: Palatine bones