Medical Virology CAT 2024/2025 — MKU MBMM 3333 MCQs with...

Question 1

Common complication of influenza affecting the brain in children?

Accepted Answer

Reye syndrome — Linked to aspirin use during viral illness, especially influenza or varicella, in children.

Question 2

Respiratory virus most likely to cause bronchiolitis in young children?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) — RSV is the leading cause of bronchiolitis in infants.

Question 3

Virus causing both upper and lower respiratory tract infections?

Accepted Answer

Influenza virus — Causes rhinitis and pharyngitis (upper tract) as well as pneumonia (lower tract).

Question 4

Primary mode of transmission for most respiratory viruses?

Accepted Answer

Airborne droplets

Question 5

Acute bronchiolitis and viral pneumonia are manifestations of:

Accepted Answer

Lower respiratory tract infection — Both processes occur below the larynx.

Question 6

Potential complication of chronic Hepatitis B infection?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 7

Test used to detect HBV surface antigen in blood?

Accepted Answer

HBsAg test

Question 8

Acute Hepatitis B infection can be characterized by:

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 9

NOT a common route of HBV transmission?

Accepted Answer

Fecal-oral route — HBV is blood and body-fluid borne, not enteric.

Question 10

Most reliable detection test for HBV?

Accepted Answer

PCR for HBV DNA — Most sensitive and specific; it detects the viral genome directly.

Question 11

NOT a common symptom of both dengue and chikungunya?

Accepted Answer

Diarrhoea — Not a hallmark of either infection.

Question 12

Primary vector for both dengue and chikungunya viruses?

Accepted Answer

Aedes aegypti

Question 13

Most sensitive test for detecting dengue or chikungunya viral RNA early in infection?

Accepted Answer

PCR test — Detects viral RNA before antibodies appear.

Question 14

A 25-year-old female has sudden high fever, severe joint pain and rash after recent tropical travel. Most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Both dengue and chikungunya — The clinical picture overlaps; laboratory testing is needed to distinguish them.

Question 15

Dengue haemorrhagic fever is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Bleeding, low platelet count and plasma leakage

Question 16

Usual duration of acute hepatitis?

Accepted Answer

Less than 6 months

Question 17

Most common way to contract Hepatitis D?

Accepted Answer

All of the above — HDV requires HBV co-infection and shares its transmission routes.

Question 18

Which hepatitis type can be prevented by vaccination?

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis B — Vaccinating against HBV also protects against HDV, but Hepatitis B is the direct answer.

Question 19

Hepatitis B can be transmitted through:

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Question 20

HBV panel shows positive HBcIgG and HBsAb with negative HBsAg. Interpretation?

Accepted Answer

Had acute HBV in the past, now resolved — Anti-HBc plus anti-HBs with no surface antigen indicates past resolved infection.

Question 21

NOT typically associated with severe lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children?

Accepted Answer

Rhinovirus — Mainly causes the common cold (upper tract) and rarely severe lower tract disease.

Question 22

Most reliable test for Hepatitis E?

Accepted Answer

PCR for HEV RNA

Question 23

NOT a symptom of acute hepatitis A?

Accepted Answer

Increased appetite — Anorexia (loss of appetite), not an increase, is typical.

Question 24

Usual duration of acute hepatitis?

Accepted Answer

Less than 6 months — Repeat of Question 16 in the original paper.

Question 25

NOT a way to contract Hepatitis C?

Accepted Answer

Eating food prepared by someone with Hepatitis C — HCV is not fecal-oral or foodborne. Shaking hands is also not a route, but option d is the intended distractor testing this common myth.

Question 26

HBV panel shows positive HBcIgG and HBsAb with negative HBsAg. Interpretation?

Accepted Answer

Had acute HBV in the past, now resolved — Same serological logic as Question 20.

Question 27

Potential complication of rhinovirus infection?

Accepted Answer

All of the above — Rhinovirus can trigger otitis media, sinusitis and asthma exacerbations.

Question 28

Typical diagnostic feature of CMV infection on histopathology?

Accepted Answer

Owl's eye intranuclear inclusions

Question 29

Group at highest risk for severe CMV disease?

Accepted Answer

Immunocompromised patients

Question 30

Common long-term complication of congenital CMV infection?

Accepted Answer

Hearing loss — CMV is the leading non-genetic cause of sensorineural hearing loss in children.

Medical Virology CAT 2024/2025 — MKU MBMM 3333 MCQs with...

Questions, Answers & Explanations