Translation
Is an organelle that participates in transcription and translation
What our notes say
- Is an organelle that participates in transcription and translation (cat 2 2014 — Source Paper Awaiting Edit)
- State four functions of nucleotides in humans with one example each; draw and label a cytosolic ribosome; explain why the genetic code is degenerate; state permitted wobble base-pairing; and complete the supplied transcription/translation sequence table. (bchem EOY 2011 — Past Paper Questions & Answers)
- *The labelled ribosome diagram and the transcription/translation sequence table referenced in this question depend on an image/table that is not available in this transcription — refer to the original scanned pages above for those parts.* (bchem EOY 2011 — Past Paper Questions & Answers)
- Translation: Processed mRNA is fed into the ribosome which has binding that allow interaction of mRNA with tRNA. tRNA has 2 ends; one with an amino acid and another with the anticodon (3 nitrogenous bases). mRNA is read 3 bases at a time (triplet codon) at the P-site by the tRNA. (Medical Physiology Assorted SAQs — With Answers (Past Paper Study Guide))
- Certain amino acids are not part of the primary structure of proteins but are modified after translation. (Biochemistry I End of Year MCQs — September 2020 (Past Paper))
- Transcription and translation: the host cell machinery makes viral RNA and long viral polyproteins. (Paediatrics end of fourth year main exam: 1 July 2019, Paper One, 99 of 100 MCQs)
Study material on Translation
- Inhibitors of Translation
- 🔹 Eukaryotic Transcription & Translation
- Inhibitors of Transcription
- Molecular Biology,Molecular Genetics & Microbial-Biochemistry MCQs
- Molecular Biology,Molecular Genetics & Microbial-Biochemistry LAQs & SAQs
- Molecular Biology Exam Review MCQs
- Introduction To Genetics
- Medical Biochemistry, Genetics, and Molecular Biology
- Integrated Tissue Metabolism -LAQs and SAQs
- cat 2 2014 — Source Paper Awaiting Edit
- Biochemistry End of Year Exam — 2013 (Past Paper)
Practice questions on Translation
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation occur in...
- Both occur in the cytosol
- Nucleus and Ribosome respectively
- Cytosol and Nucleus respectively
- Nucleus and Cytosol respectively
- Ribosome and Nucleus respectively
Answer: D. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus where DNA is located, and translation occurs in the cytosol on ribosomes. This spatial separation allows for RNA processing before translation. ---
Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit. This binding causes misreading of mRNA and premature termination of translation, leading to bacterial cell death.
- A) Inhibition of protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit
- B) Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
- C) Inhibition of DNA gyrase
- D) Disruption of folic acid synthesis
Answer: A. Aminoglycosides, including gentamicin, exert their bactericidal effect by irreversibly binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit. This binding interferes with the initiation of protein synthesis and causes misreading of the genetic code, ultimately leading to bacterial death.
Certain amino acids are not part of the primary structure of proteins but are modified after translation. In scurvy, which amino acid that is normally part of collagen is not synthesized?
- Hydroxytyptophan
- Hydroxytyrosine
- Hydroxyhistidine
- Hydroxyalanine
- Hydroxyproline
Answer: E.
Complete Marked out of 1.00 Flag question Which component of transcribed RNA in eukaryotes is present in the initial transcript but is removed before translation occurs: Select one:
- a. codons coding for the protein to be produced
- b. Ribosome binding site
- c. 5' cap
- d. 3' Poly A tail
- e. Intron
Answer: A.
The following is true with regards to translation process ---
- Initiator amino acyl-tRNA $f^{met}$ only enters through P-Site of a ribosome
- Initiator amino acyl-tRNA $f^{met}$ only enters through A-Site of a ribosome
- Initiator amino acyl-tRNA $f^{met}$ enters through P or A -Site of a ribosome
- Initiator amino acyl-tRNA $f^{met}$ is the activated amino acid in eurkaryotes
- All the above statements are false
Answer: A.
During protein biosynthesis(translation) ---
- 5' end sequence of mRNA correspond to C terminus of a polypeptide
- 5' end sequence of mRNA correspond to N terminus of a polypeptide
- 3' end sequence of mRNA correspond to N terminus of a polypeptide
- 3' end sequence of mRNA correspond to either C or N terminus of a polypeptide
- 5' end sequence of mRNA correspond to either C or N terminus of a polypeptide
Answer: A.