Vesicoureteral Reflux
Also written as VUR.
Congenital: Vesicoureteral reflux (most important — predisposes to pyelonephritis); diverticula; exstrophy (↑adenocarcinoma risk); urachal anomalies (urachal cysts → 20–40% of bladder adenocarcinomas despite being rare overall)
What our notes say
- Congenital: Vesicoureteral reflux (most important — predisposes to pyelonephritis); diverticula; exstrophy (↑adenocarcinoma risk); urachal anomalies (urachal cysts → 20–40% of bladder adenocarcinomas despite being rare overall) (Exam Prep: Skin Infections, Psoriasis & Pemphigus)
- Severe vesicoureteral reflux — urine flows backwards from bladder to kidney (Urinary Tract Obstruction & Hydronephrosis: Causes, Symptoms)
- Oblique bladder entry with mucosal valve: prevents vesicoureteral reflux (Master First-Year Anatomy: Must-Know Essays & Key Concepts)
Study material on Vesicoureteral Reflux
- Exam Prep: Skin Infections, Psoriasis & Pemphigus
- Acute Tubular Injury (ATI): AKI Causes, Pathology & Prognosis