Pyelonephritis
Ureteric and pelvicalyceal dilatation, more on the right, from progesterone and uterine pressure, so pyelonephritis is more likely.
What our notes say
- Ureteric and pelvicalyceal dilatation, more on the right, from progesterone and uterine pressure, so pyelonephritis is more likely. (Reproductive Health 1 End of Trimester CAT: ectopic pregnancy, ANC and abortion )
- Pyelonephritis can be caused by a blood-borne bacterial infection (Year 4 Gynaecology CAT (MBOG 4212): 15 March 2019, 39 of 40 MCQs)
- Frequency and nocturia are common; urinary stasis explains the high risk of pyelonephritis, so screen for asymptomatic bacteriuria. (Physiological changes in pregnancy)
- There are no casts, because the infection involves just the bladder, though such an infection could ascend to produce pyelonephritis. (renal pathology — Past Paper Questions & Answers)
- Typhoid fever, pyelonephritis or other sepsis, viral hepatitis, and HIV-related infections. (Junior Clerkship in Reproductive Health (MBOG 4200): end of year examination, 4 )
- WBC casts point to interstitial nephritis or pyelonephritis. (Internal Medicine End of Semester CAT (MBChB 4): haematology and renal, 30 MCQs )
Study material on Pyelonephritis
- Acute Tubular Injury (ATI): AKI Causes, Pathology & Prognosis
- renal pathology
- Exam Prep: Skin Infections, Psoriasis & Pemphigus
- pathology essays
- systemic pathology essays
- Male Reproductive & Urinary Tract Pathology MCQs | MKU Year 3 Medicine
- Lower Urinary Tract & Ureter Pathology: Obstruction & Tumors
- DISORDERS OF THE LOWER URINARY TRACT — Revision Notes
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Practice questions on Pyelonephritis
A 23-year-old woman with recurrent UTIs, at least one episode of pyelonephritis. Blood typing shows the P blood group antigen. Likely primary cause of her infections
- Escherichia coli producing heat-stable toxin
- Escherichia coli with K1 (capsular type 1) antigen
- Escherichia coli O139 (LPS O antigen 139)
- Escherichia coli with P-pili (fimbriae)
- Escherichia coli O157:H7 (LPS O antigen 157; flagellar antigen H7) Answer:
Answer: A. P-pili (fimbriae) bind to a receptor related to the P blood group antigen on uroepithelial cells, mediating attachment and ascending infection to the kidneys (pyelonephritis). --- ---
A 23-year-old woman has a history of recurrent urinary tract infections, including at least one episode of pyelonephritis. Blood typing shows the P blood group antigen. Which of the following is likely to be the primary cause of her infections?
- Escherichia coli that produce heat-stable toxin
- Escherichia coli with K1 (capsular type 1) antigen
- Escherichia coli O139
- Escherichia coli with P-pili (fimbria
- Escherichia coli 0157:H7
Answer: D. P pili (P fimbriae) on uropathogenic E. coli specifically bind to P blood group antigens on uroepithelial cells. Patients with P antigens are more susceptible to pyelonephritis. P-piliated E. coli strains cause 90% of pyelonephritis cases in otherwise healthy individuals. ---