Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Also written as ARDS.
ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome): Severe lung injury characterized by diffuse alveolar damage, hypoxemia, and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
- Key concepts: DAD · Neutrophil-mediated injury · Hyaline membranes · Clinical course
- ARDS is defined as respiratory failure occurring within one week of a known clinical insult, characterized by bilateral opacities on chest imaging that are not fully explained by effusions, atelectasis, cardiac failure, or fluid overload.
- Severity is graded based on changes in arterial blood oxygenation.
- Most frequent triggers include pneumonia (35–45%) and sepsis (30–35%), followed by aspiration, trauma, pancreatitis, and transfusion reactions.
- It is distinct from respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn , which is caused by surfactant deficiency due to prematurity.
Read this in Lung Pathology — Must-Know
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
- Definition: Acute respiratory failure with bilateral opacities on imaging, not explained by cardiac failure. Involves Diffuse Alveolar Damage (DAD) .
What our notes say
- ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome): Severe lung injury characterized by diffuse alveolar damage, hypoxemia, and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. (Lung Pathology — Must-Know)
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome and pleural effusion. (Internal Medicine CAT 1 (MBChB 4), 2022: liver, pancreas and bone marrow, 30 MCQ)
- Outline the morphologic features of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) (5 Marks) (Medical MCQs: Chemical Pathology & Haematology Exam Review)
- Compare and contrast acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). (5 marks) (End Sem Cat: Respiratory Pathology: Emphysema, ARDS, Pneumoconiosis)
- Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (Diffuse Alveolar Damage) (Human Pathology)
- Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): Severe cases develop bilateral pneumonia with respiratory failure (General Pathology Q&A)
Study material on Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- End Sem Cat: Respiratory Pathology: Emphysema, ARDS, Pneumoconiosis
- Lung Pathology — Must-Know
- Respiratory System Pathology 1A — Practice Questions
- Respiratory System Pathology 1A — Practice Questions
- Respiratory System Pathology 1A — Practice Questions
- Respiratory System Pathology 1A — Practice Questions
- Respiratory System Pathology 1A — Practice Questions
- Respiratory System Pathology 1A — Practice Questions