Hernia
A hernia through the triangle is a direct inguinal hernia.
What our notes say
- A hernia through the triangle is a direct inguinal hernia. (General Surgery CAT 2 (MBSG 4600): 4 October 2021)
- The commonest cause overall in a patient with no surgical history is an obstructed hernia. (Surgery Question Bank: 12 Clinical MCQs)
- Extrinsic compression: Obstruction caused by external pressure on the bowel, such as from adhesions (post-surgical), hernias (incarcerated bowel), volvulus (twisting of the bowel), or masses. (Gi sem2 patho — Past Paper Questions & Answers)
- Male: mumps, cryptorchidism, hernia surgery, erectile and ejaculatory problems, drugs, alcohol, smoking and occupational heat or toxins. (Integrated case paper: Medicine, Surgery, Gynaecology and Paediatrics (160 marks)
- Choose the correct statement about a congenital umbilical hernia found at birth. (Paediatrics Senior Clerkship end of 2nd semester exam: 4 October 2021, 50 MCQs)
- A distended tender abdomen, bilious vomiting, guarding, a painful irreducible hernia or gastrointestinal bleeding requires urgent assessment. (Paediatric History Taking and Physical Examination)
Study material on Hernia
- Surgery Question Bank: 12 Clinical MCQs
- GASTROINTESTINAL PATHOLOGY (Part 2)
- Chemical pathology and Endocrine pathology
- GASTROINTESTINAL PATHOLOGY (Part 1)
- Cranial Nerves, Eye Exam & Vital Signs: MBChB Clinical Revision
Practice questions on Hernia
A 35-year-old man has no clinical evidence for bleeding and he feels fine. As part of a pre-operative workup for a hernia repair, laboratory studies show Hgb 14.8 g/dL, Hct 45%, MCV 96 fL, WBC count 8500/microliter, and platelet count 275,000/microliter. His prothrombin time is normal, but the partial thromboplastin time is prolonged. A deficiency of which of the following coagulation factors is m
- Factor V
- Factor VII
- Factor X
- Factor XII
Answer: D. An isolated prolonged PTT with a normal PT and no clinical bleeding history typically indicates a deficiency in a factor involved solely in the intrinsic pathway, such as Factor XII, prekallikrein, or high molecular weight kininogen. Factor XII deficiency is the most common of these and does not usually cause bleeding symptoms.
A 35-year-old man has no clinical evidence for bleeding and he feels fine. As part of a pre-operative workup for a hernia repair, laboratory studies show Hgb 14.8 g/dL, Hct 45%, MCV 96 fL, and WBC count 8500/microliter, and platelet count 275,000/microliter. His prothrombin time is normal, but the partial thromboplastin time is prolonged. A deficiency of which of the following coagulation factors
- Factor VII
- Factor VIII
- Factor X
- Factor XIII
Answer: B. A prolonged PTT with a normal PT suggests a defect in the intrinsic or common pathway of coagulation. Factor VIII deficiency (Hemophilia A) is a common inherited disorder that causes a prolonged PTT but a normal PT. Factors VII and X are involved in the extrinsic and common pathways, respectively, and would affect PT. Factor XIII is involved in clot stabilization.
A 35-year-old man has no clinical evidence for bleeding and he feels fine. As part of a pre-operative workup for a hernia repair, laboratory studies show Hgb 14.8 g/dL, Hct 45%, MCV 96 fL, WBC count 8500/microliter, and platelet count 275,000/microliter. His prothrombin time is normal, but the partial thromboplastin time is prolonged. A deficiency of which of the following coagulation factors is m
- Factor VII
- Factor VIII
- Factor X
- Factor XIII
Answer: B. A normal PT and prolonged PTT, in the absence of bleeding, suggests a deficiency in an intrinsic pathway clotting factor. Factor VIII deficiency (Hemophilia A) is a common cause of isolated prolonged PTT.
A 35-year-old man has no clinical evidence for bleeding and he feels fine. As part of a pre-operative workup for a hernia repair, laboratory studies show Hgb 14.8 g/dL, Hct 45%, MCV 96 fL, WBC count 8500/microliter, and platelet count 275,000/microliter. His prothrombin time is normal, but the partial thromboplastin time is prolonged. A deficiency of which of the following coagulation factors is m
- Factor VII
- Factor X
- Factor VIII
- Factor XIII
Answer: C. A prolonged PTT with a normal PT indicates an isolated deficiency in the intrinsic pathway of coagulation. Factor VIII deficiency is the most common cause of this pattern, leading to Hemophilia A. Factor VII is involved in the extrinsic pathway (prolonged PT), Factor X is common to both pathways (prolonged PT and PTT), and Factor XIII is involved in fibrin stabilization (normal PT and PTT).
A 35-year-old man has no clinical evidence for bleeding and he feels fine. As part of a pre-operative workup for a hernia repair, laboratory studies show Hgb 14.8 g/dL, Hct 45%, MCV 96 fL, WBC count 8500/microliter, and platelet count 275,000/microliter. His prothrombin time is normal, but the partial thromboplastin time is prolonged. A deficiency of which of the following coagulation factors is m
- Factor VII
- Factor X
- Factor VIII
- Factor XIII
Answer: C. A prolonged PTT with a normal PT suggests a defect in the intrinsic pathway of coagulation. Factor VIII deficiency (Hemophilia A) or Factor IX deficiency (Hemophilia B) are the most common causes of isolated prolonged PTT.