Stomach
Months later Mr Kingfish says NSAIDs and diet have helped, but ibuprofen causes stomach pain and he is reluctant to take higher doses.
Stomach
- Enzyme : Pepsin (from pepsinogen)
- Activation : Pepsinogen → Pepsin (by gastric HCl)
- Action : Endopeptidase (cleaves interior peptide bonds)
- Products : Large peptides and polypeptides
Read this in Comprehensive Guide to Nutrient Digestion and Absorption
Stomach
- Action : Hydrolyzes triglycerides → fatty acids + diglycerides
- Contribution : ~15% of total fat digestion
- Physical : Churning creates lipid droplets
Read this in Comprehensive Guide to Nutrient Digestion and Absorption
Stomach
- Process : Salivary amylase inactivated by gastric acid
- Result : Minimal carbohydrate digestion
Read this in Comprehensive Guide to Nutrient Digestion and Absorption
What our notes say
- Months later Mr Kingfish says NSAIDs and diet have helped, but ibuprofen causes stomach pain and he is reluctant to take higher doses. (Internal Medicine (MBIM 4100) main exam, Paper One: 3 July 2019)
- The bleed is upper if it arises above the ligament of Treitz (oesophagus, stomach, duodenum). (Upper gastrointestinal bleeding)
- Hundreds of phylotypes have been identified in the human stomach; however, the only microorganism that has been shown to persist is: (Bacteriology and Entomology Supplementary Exam)
- | Ibuprofen | NSAID | Added for pain if no contraindication | Stomach irritation, kidney injury | (Pneumothorax)
- | Prednisolone | Systemic corticosteroid | Acute attacks, 5–7 days | High glucose, mood change, stomach irritation | (Asthma)
- | Ibuprofen | NSAID | Alternative for fever and aches | Stomach irritation; avoid in asthma if aspirin-sensitive | (Bronchitis (Acute and Chronic))
Study material on Stomach
- LECTURE 7: GI tract Hormones
- Gastropathology Pathology
- GIT Physiology Exam Questions
- Comprehensive Guide to Nutrient Digestion and Absorption
- Master First-Year Anatomy: Must-Know Essays & Key Concepts
- GASTROINTESTINAL PATHOLOGY (Part 1)
- MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY II ESsays
- Gastrointestinal Neoplasms: High-Yield Exam Review
- GASTROINTESTINAL PATHOLOGY (Part 3)
- Examination of Respiratory system
- Weekly Year 2: GIT Physiology Exam - March 20, 2026 (Section A: MCQs)
- Medical Physiology GIT MCQs
- Weekly Year 2: GIT Physiology Exam - March 27, 2026 (Section A: MCQs)
- ANATOMY MCQs
- GIT and CNS Physiology MCQs
- Weekly Year 2: GIT Physiology Exam - April 21, 2026 (Section A: MCQs)
Practice questions on Stomach
Which single statement below, about the stomach, is correct?
- Acid secretion occurs in response to secretion of the hormone, carbonic anhydrase.
- Glands called Peyer's patches are responsible for acid secretion.
- The vagus nerve inhibits acid secretion after a meal has been consumed.
- Pepsinogen and gastric lipase are secreted into the lumen of the stomach.
Answer: D. Pepsinogen and gastric lipase are indeed secreted by chief cells in the stomach lining into the lumen. The vagus nerve stimulates, not inhibits, acid secretion after a meal. Peyer's patches are lymphoid tissues in the small intestine, not involved in acid secretion. Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme involved in acid production, not a hormone that triggers it.
Which statement about stomach lining cells is correct?
- Parietal cells secrete pepsinogen.
- Chief cells secrete intrinsic factor.
- Goblet cells secrete mucus.
- Enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells secrete hydrochloric acid.
Answer: C. Goblet cells are the primary source of mucus secretion in the stomach lining, providing protection. Parietal cells secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor. Chief cells secrete pepsinogen. ECL cells secrete histamine, which stimulates parietal cells.
In the stomach
- Chief cells secrete intrinsic factor.
- Parietal cells secrete pepsinogen.
- G cells secrete gastrin.
- Enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells secrete HCl.
Answer: C. G cells in the gastric antrum secrete gastrin. Chief cells secrete pepsinogen, parietal cells secrete HCl and intrinsic factor, and ECL cells secrete histamine which stimulates parietal cells.
Helicobacter pylori possesses that helps to neutralize stomach acid (HCl).
- Coagulase
- Urease
- Hyaluronidase
- Catalase
- Lipase
Answer: B. H. pylori produces urease, which makes ammonia and neutralises stomach acid. ---
Which single statement below, about the stomach, is correct?
- Acid secretion occurs in response to secretion of the hormone, carbonic anhydrase.
- Glands called Peyer's patches are responsible for acid secretion.
- The vagus nerve inhibits acid secretion after a meal has been consumed.
- Pepsinogen and gastric lipase are secreted into the lumen of the stomach.
Answer: D. Pepsinogen (precursor to pepsin) and gastric lipase are secreted by chief cells in the gastric glands into the lumen of the stomach. Carbonic anhydrase is involved in acid secretion, but not the primary stimulus. Peyer's patches are lymphoid tissue in the small intestine. The vagus nerve stimulates acid secretion during the cephalic and gastric phases.
Which statement about stomach lining cells is correct?
- Parietal cells secrete pepsinogen.
- Chief cells secrete hydrochloric acid.
- Goblet cells secrete mucus to protect the stomach lining.
- Enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells secrete intrinsic factor.
Answer: C. Goblet cells in the stomach epithelium secrete mucus, which forms a protective barrier against the acidic environment and digestive enzymes. Parietal cells secrete HCl and intrinsic factor. Chief cells secrete pepsinogen. ECL cells secrete histamine.