Pancreas
An acute inflammatory process of the pancreas caused by premature activation of pancreatic enzymes within the gland, with variable involvement of nearby tissues and distant organs.
What our notes say
- An acute inflammatory process of the pancreas caused by premature activation of pancreatic enzymes within the gland, with variable involvement of nearby tissues and distant organs. (Internal Medicine CAT 1 (MBIM 6112), 2019/2020: gastroenterology and hepatology,)
- AST is present in cytosolic and mitochondrial isoenzymes and is found in the liver, cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, kidneys, brain and pancreas (Paediatrics end of second semester exam (MBPE 4300): 4 October 2022, cardiology,)
- Courvoisier's law states that a palpable, non-tender gallbladder with jaundice is unlikely to be due to gallstones, and points to a malignant obstruction such as carcinoma of the head of the pancreas. (Surgery Question Bank: 12 Clinical MCQs)
- Internal Medicine CAT 1 (MBChB 4), 2022: liver, pancreas and bone marrow, 30 MCQs and 2 short answers (Internal Medicine CAT 1 (MBChB 4), 2022: liver, pancreas and bone marrow, 30 MCQ)
- | Pancreas | Insulin resistance rises in the second and third trimesters (human placental lactogen), the basis of gestational diabetes | (Physiological changes in pregnancy)
- Hemochromatosis affects the pancreas as well, leading to diabetes mellitus. (CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY — Past Paper Questions & Answers)
Study material on Pancreas
- Internal Medicine CAT 1 (MBChB 4), 2022: liver, pancreas and bone marrow, 30 MCQs and 2 short answers
- Pancreatic Disorders: A Comprehensive Review
- Endocrine and Metabolic Pathology MCQs: Practice Questions
- LECTURE 6: Pancreatic and Adrenal Hormones
- GIT Physiology Exam Questions
- Endocrine and Metabolic Pathology MCQs for Medical Students
- LECTURE 7: GI tract Hormones
- ADRENAL NEOPLASMS — Adenoma vs Carcinoma
- MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY II ESsays
- pathology essays
- Pancreatic Disorders: A Comprehensive Review
- Pancreatic Disorders: A Comprehensive Review
- ANATOMY MCQs
- Weekly Year 2: GIT Physiology Exam - March 27, 2026 (Section A: MCQs)
- Endocrine and Metabolic Pathology MCQs
- Weekly Year 2: GIT Physiology Exam - April 17, 2026 (Section A: MCQs)
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Practice questions on Pancreas
The pancreas synthesizes insulin but unable to secrete.
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY)
- Gestational diabetes mellitus
Answer: A. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance and a relative deficiency of insulin secretion. While the pancreas may still synthesize insulin, the ability to secrete adequate amounts in response to glucose levels is impaired.
The pancreas synthesizes insulin but is unable to secrete.
- This describes type 1 diabetes mellitus.
- This describes type 2 diabetes mellitus.
- This describes a condition called 'brittle diabetes'.
- This describes a rare form of diabetes caused by pancreatic duct obstruction.
Answer: D. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune destruction of beta cells, leading to absolute insulin deficiency (synthesis and secretion are impaired). Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance and often impaired insulin secretion. 'Brittle diabetes' refers to wide fluctuations in blood glucose. Pancreatic duct obstruction can impair secretion, but the phrasing suggests synthesis is intact while secretion is block
The pancreas synthesizes insulin but unable to secrete.
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Gestational diabetes mellitus
- Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY)
Answer: D. Certain subtypes of MODY, particularly those related to transcription factor defects (e.g., MODY3 - HNF1A), can involve impaired insulin secretion despite normal or near-normal insulin synthesis. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune destruction of beta cells, leading to absolute insulin deficiency. Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance and often impaired secretion.
The pancreas synthesizes insulin but is unable to secrete.
- Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
- Pancreatic cancer
- Insulinoma
Answer: B. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance and a progressive decline in beta-cell function, leading to impaired insulin secretion, even though the pancreas may still be synthesizing insulin. In Type 1 Diabetes, there is autoimmune destruction of beta cells, leading to absolute insulin deficiency. Pancreatic cancer can affect insulin production/secretion. Insulinoma is a tumor that secretes excess
The pancreas synthesizes insulin but unable to secrete.
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY)
- Gestational diabetes
Answer: C. Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY) is a group of monogenic forms of diabetes mellitus. Certain subtypes of MODY are characterized by defects in insulin secretion with relatively preserved insulin synthesis. In contrast, Type 1 diabetes involves autoimmune destruction of beta cells, leading to little to no insulin synthesis. Type 2 diabetes involves insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, but typic
**All of the following are true regarding the pancreas EXCEPT:**
- the neck and body of the pancreas lie anterior to the first lumbar vertebrae
- the neck of the pancreas lies over the right and left renal veins at the level of L2 vertebra
- the splenic artery supplies all of the pancreas
- parasympathetic vagal fibres stimulate the exocrine secretion from the gland
- the uncinate process drains via an accessory pancreatic duct into the duodenum
Answer: C. ** The head and uncinate process are supplied by pancreaticoduodenal arteries, not the splenic artery. --- ---